In light of the urgent need to decarbonize all modes of transport, the number of new energy vehicles has been on the rise. The European Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA) has collected passenger car registration data in the EU per fuel type which show a significant growth of alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) registered over the past years (Figure 1). Electric vehicles (EVs) are projected to match the sales of internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles by 2030, and to surpass them by 2040.
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